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These reducers will also successfully cover up the plastic tabs on the outer row of tiles.1/2") with no significant disadvantages or apparent longevity issues. Another advantage of the mesh based tiles compared with the solid wood tiles is that they can be easily cut with a saw or jigsaw to fit around pipes etc. In this case there are a number of alternatives that could be considered to enhance the appearance, including ceramic tiles, terracotta tiles, clay pavers, slate, natural stone pavers etc. (see for example.And indeed if the concrete is badly cracked and the surface uneven, generally there is no satisfactory alternative but to rip the lot up and re-lay it. Not only are these tiles quite forgiving of small cracks and slight unevenness of the surface, but they can be laid both quickly and easily by anyone without any special skills or tools being required.An important consideration with the all wood tile design is that the wood bearers could be subject to prolonged contact with water. The mesh base has numerous moulded "feet" which ensures the tile remain stable even if a section is removed. With no means of interconnection of the tiles, there is a potential for adjacent tile surfaces to be uneven in height, leading to the possibility of tripping.12" x 12" which makes estimating the number of tiles required for a given area an easy task. The most secure design which is also the simplest to install has a multiple of pre-moulded screw holes in the plastic base through which screws are inserted to keep the slats securely fixed to the base. The top wood slats may be either screwed or nailed to the bearers or in some cases, metal staples have been used.
In the latest, more advanced generation of wood tiles, the wood slats are attached to a plastic mesh base. Hardwood is normally the timber of choice although pressure treated softwood tiles are also available, particularly in larger 2' x 2' tiles. are rated as slightly lower durability but can also be used in exposed outdoors applications in most circumstances. Restoring such areas to a place you would be proud to use for entertaining, outdoor dining or just relaxing may seem like a daunting task. Most wood tiles are supplied as single modules with no integral interconnecting devices. Tiles with nailed or stapled slats should be used with caution as the fixings are likely to corrode and/or the slats can work loose from the bearers. In other designs the slats are "press fit" onto the base. And as they are not permanently fixed to the concrete base, they can be taken up, moved or added to at will. There are a number of alternative species with the above properties which are commonly used by wood tile manufacturers and indeed final selection may often be based on preferred colour of the tiles. This not only lifts the wood clear of the concrete which allows any water under the tiles to drain away quickly, but also provides a convenient means to interconnect the tiles. With some tile designs the wood slats have holes drilled in the underside which slot into pins moulded on the plastic base so the slats are a loose fit on the plastic base.A porch or patio can be one of the most useful exterior areas of your home if its covered with an attractive surface material, cleared of all excess junk and with a little thought given to landscaping the area.All wood tiles designed for installation in exposed exterior situations should be constructed of timber species that are rated as naturally durable under normal conditions and not prone to warping or twisting or significant cracking.
Unfortunately these spaces are all too often covered with bland concrete which as well as looking rather dull and dreary, may have developed cracks or become stained with grease, oil etc over time. Whilst most such tiles are China Sintered Powder Metal Gears Factory constructed of durable timber, prolonged exposure to water may result in some premature rotting of the bearers, or at the very least, it is possible that the bearers could twist or warp under certain conditions. With highly durable and stable lumber species such as Ipe, tiles may be 10 or 12mm thick (approx. The earliest designs, which are still available today, are constructed of solid wood slats attached to wood bearers underneath.15mm (5/8') thick. These tiles may have "pegs" on two sides and corresponding "loops" on the other two sides, so in certain cases a left hand and right hand version are required. The majority of the interlocking tiles are approx. If you decide to move house you can simply take the tiles with you and lay them in your new location.Most tiles use wood slats approx.swiftdeck. Hardwood species of the highest rated durability include Ipe, Jarrah, Bangkirai, Cumaru, Teak, Tallowwood Other species such as Kempas, Jatoba etc. In this respect, the tiles with screwed slats probably have an advantage over the loose or press fit slat design as it may be necessary to install an extra screw or two through the pre-moulded holes in the base to fix any loose slats following any cutting of the tiles. Some designs provide limited interconnectivity by means of offset bearers which fit under the adjacent tile.Probably the easiest and quickest tile to lay however is the type which has an identical set of connecting tabs on each side which mesh with corresponding tabs on adjacent tiles, irrespective of the orientation of the tile. Many of the all wood tiles and some plastic framed tiles with softwood slats may however be up to 20" x 20" in size, or even larger in some cases.Perhaps one of the best and simplest options however is to use interlocking modular deck tiles.Whilst some designs use separate clips to connect the tiles, the majority of designs use inbuilt connectors which makes installation faster and easier. Whilst these can be suitable for large areas or laying as landscape accessories, they are generally not so versatile for smaller areas or areas where tiles must be cut to fit inside confined areas or installed in irregular shaped areas. Screwed slats are the much preferred system, but check that screws are corrosion resistant or better still, of stainless steel. 1 ¼" - 1 ½" care should be taken at the outer edge of the tiled area to avoid any danger of tripping over the tiles.
However these tiles are generally not held together with fixed connectors but tend to rely on the outside retaining walls to keep them from moving.However if the surface only has hairline cracks and you can be certain that reinforcing mesh was installed when the concrete was laid, it is probable that existing cracks will not open up further (unless your concrete pad is suffering from root damage due to nearby trees).Wood tiles can be divided into two basic types..com) This has the added advantage of allowing more options for the tile maker to produce different tile designs and for the installer to be more creative in the overall patterns in which the tiles can be laid.As tiles raise the surface level approx. These are simply placed over the surface of the patio or porch and require no adhesives, nails, screws or special surface preparation.
In the latest, more advanced generation of wood tiles, the wood slats are attached to a plastic mesh base. Hardwood is normally the timber of choice although pressure treated softwood tiles are also available, particularly in larger 2' x 2' tiles. are rated as slightly lower durability but can also be used in exposed outdoors applications in most circumstances. Restoring such areas to a place you would be proud to use for entertaining, outdoor dining or just relaxing may seem like a daunting task. Most wood tiles are supplied as single modules with no integral interconnecting devices. Tiles with nailed or stapled slats should be used with caution as the fixings are likely to corrode and/or the slats can work loose from the bearers. In other designs the slats are "press fit" onto the base. And as they are not permanently fixed to the concrete base, they can be taken up, moved or added to at will. There are a number of alternative species with the above properties which are commonly used by wood tile manufacturers and indeed final selection may often be based on preferred colour of the tiles. This not only lifts the wood clear of the concrete which allows any water under the tiles to drain away quickly, but also provides a convenient means to interconnect the tiles. With some tile designs the wood slats have holes drilled in the underside which slot into pins moulded on the plastic base so the slats are a loose fit on the plastic base.A porch or patio can be one of the most useful exterior areas of your home if its covered with an attractive surface material, cleared of all excess junk and with a little thought given to landscaping the area.All wood tiles designed for installation in exposed exterior situations should be constructed of timber species that are rated as naturally durable under normal conditions and not prone to warping or twisting or significant cracking.
Unfortunately these spaces are all too often covered with bland concrete which as well as looking rather dull and dreary, may have developed cracks or become stained with grease, oil etc over time. Whilst most such tiles are China Sintered Powder Metal Gears Factory constructed of durable timber, prolonged exposure to water may result in some premature rotting of the bearers, or at the very least, it is possible that the bearers could twist or warp under certain conditions. With highly durable and stable lumber species such as Ipe, tiles may be 10 or 12mm thick (approx. The earliest designs, which are still available today, are constructed of solid wood slats attached to wood bearers underneath.15mm (5/8') thick. These tiles may have "pegs" on two sides and corresponding "loops" on the other two sides, so in certain cases a left hand and right hand version are required. The majority of the interlocking tiles are approx. If you decide to move house you can simply take the tiles with you and lay them in your new location.Most tiles use wood slats approx.swiftdeck. Hardwood species of the highest rated durability include Ipe, Jarrah, Bangkirai, Cumaru, Teak, Tallowwood Other species such as Kempas, Jatoba etc. In this respect, the tiles with screwed slats probably have an advantage over the loose or press fit slat design as it may be necessary to install an extra screw or two through the pre-moulded holes in the base to fix any loose slats following any cutting of the tiles. Some designs provide limited interconnectivity by means of offset bearers which fit under the adjacent tile.Probably the easiest and quickest tile to lay however is the type which has an identical set of connecting tabs on each side which mesh with corresponding tabs on adjacent tiles, irrespective of the orientation of the tile. Many of the all wood tiles and some plastic framed tiles with softwood slats may however be up to 20" x 20" in size, or even larger in some cases.Perhaps one of the best and simplest options however is to use interlocking modular deck tiles.Whilst some designs use separate clips to connect the tiles, the majority of designs use inbuilt connectors which makes installation faster and easier. Whilst these can be suitable for large areas or laying as landscape accessories, they are generally not so versatile for smaller areas or areas where tiles must be cut to fit inside confined areas or installed in irregular shaped areas. Screwed slats are the much preferred system, but check that screws are corrosion resistant or better still, of stainless steel. 1 ¼" - 1 ½" care should be taken at the outer edge of the tiled area to avoid any danger of tripping over the tiles.
However these tiles are generally not held together with fixed connectors but tend to rely on the outside retaining walls to keep them from moving.However if the surface only has hairline cracks and you can be certain that reinforcing mesh was installed when the concrete was laid, it is probable that existing cracks will not open up further (unless your concrete pad is suffering from root damage due to nearby trees).Wood tiles can be divided into two basic types..com) This has the added advantage of allowing more options for the tile maker to produce different tile designs and for the installer to be more creative in the overall patterns in which the tiles can be laid.As tiles raise the surface level approx. These are simply placed over the surface of the patio or porch and require no adhesives, nails, screws or special surface preparation.
0 commentaire : Ajouter
Few investors grow to love volatility as I do, but most expect it in the Market Value of their equity positions. This cycle will be repeated forever. Just like at the Mall, lower securities prices are a good thing for buyers… and higher prices are a good thing for sellers. You have to understand how these securities react to interest rate expectations and take advantage of it.The mechanics are also simple. There's no need to hedge against it, or to cry about it. Fortunately, one rarely has to sell. A Municipal Bond CEF, for example will have a much more dependable cash flow and considerably more price stability than an oil and gas Royalty Trust. REITs, Royalty Trusts, Unit Trusts, and even CEFs (Closed End Funds) may have variable income levels and portfolio management requires an understanding of the risks involved. (2) The combination of increasing age and inexperience creates an inordinate fear of loss that is prayed upon by commissioned sales persons of all shapes and sizes.]Every properly constructed portfolio will contain securities whose primary purpose is to generate income (fixed and/or variable), and every investor must understand some basic and "absolute" characteristics of Interest Rate Sensitive Securities. Over the past few years of falling interest rates, Fixed Income securities have risen in price and investors (should) have realized capital gains as a result…adding to portfolio income and Working Capital. Thus, for the sake of portfolio smile maintenance, you must develop the ability to separate the two classes of securities, mentally, if not physically. Both sides of the scales contain good news for the investor… as the investment gods intended. (4) They have been brainwashed into believing that the Market Value of their portfolio, and not the income that it generates, is their primary weapon against inflation., to form behavioral expectations about) than the Fixed Income Market. Theoretically, Fixed Income Securities should be the ultimate Buy and Hold; their primary purpose is income generation, and return of principal is typically a contractual obligation. Actually, owning your fixed income securities in the most freely negotiable manner possible can put you in a unique position. They are primary debts of the issuer, and must be paid before all other obligations. Dealing with variable income securities is slightly different, as Market Value will also vary with the nature of the income, and the economics of a particular industry. The investment gods have spoken: "The market price of Fixed Income Securities shall vary inversely with Interest Rates, both actual and anticipated… and it is good. When dealing with Fixed Income Securities however, neither they nor their advisors are comfortable with any downward movement China Customized Sintered Powder Metal Pulleys Factory at all. I shake my head in disbelief, constantly. Now, that trend has reversed itself and you have the opportunity to add to existing holdings, or to buy new securities, at lower prices and higher interest rates. If I don't improve your comfort level with this effort, perhaps the next one will strike the proper chord. Thus, diversification in the income-generating portion of the portfolio is even more important than in the growth portion… income pays the bills. It's simply the nature of things.
It has no impact at all on the contracts you hold or the interest that you will receive; neither the maturity value nor the cash flow is affected… but your broker just called with an idea. Two things are accomplished by buying shorter duration securities: you earn less interest and you pay your broker a commission more frequently. On one side we have a number that represents the Current Market Value of your Fixed Income portfolio. Bonds are more like the classics and old time rock-and-roll…much more predictable. Just visualize the Scales of Justice, with or without the blindfold. (3) They have trouble distinguishing between the income generating purpose of Fixed Income Securities and the fact that they are negotiable instruments with a Market Value that is a function of current, as opposed to contractual, interest rates. Buyers are entitled to current rates, and the only way to provide them on an existing security is to sell it at a discount.e. Absolutely nothing can (or should) be done about it.Here's a simple way to deal with Fixed Income Market Values to avoid shocks and surprises. For example, if your July 2005 Market Value fell, it was because of higher interest rates not lower stock prices. Typically, longer obligations also have higher interest rates. More recently, the combination of higher rates and a weaker Stock Market has been a Double Whammy for portfolio Market Values, and a double bonanza for investment opportunities.
They are negotiable, meaning that they can be bought and sold, at a price that varies with current interest rates. Think about it. (The income will increase gradually only if you manage your asset allocation properly by adding proportionately to your Fixed Income holdings. This is the first of three successive articles I'll be writing about Fixed Income Investing. Still, Wall Street pumps out products and Investment Experts rationalize strategies that cloud the simple rules governing the behavior of what should be an investor's retirement blankie.The critical relationship between the two classes of securities in your portfolio, is this: The Market Value of your Equity Investments and that of your Fixed Income investments are totally, and completely unrelated.There are several reasons why investors have invalid expectations about their Fixed Income investments: (1) They don't experience this type of investing until retirement planning time and they view all securities with an eye on Market Value, as they have been programmed to do by Wall Street. It's like magic, or is it justice. Each Market dances to it's own beat. Stocks are like heavy metal or Rap…impossible to predict. Most won't consider taking profits when prices increase, but will rush in to accept losses when prices fall. . [Really, Alice, if you held these securities in a safe deposit box instead of a brokerage account, and just received the income, the perception of loss, the fear, and the rush to make a change would simply disappear. Most are legally binding contracts between the owner of the securities (you, or an Investment Company that you own a piece of) and an entity that promises to pay a Fixed Rate of Interest for the use of the money. These are negotiable securities that carry a fixed interest rate.I've come to the conclusion that the Stock Market is an easier medium for investors to understand (i. Defaults in interest payments are extremely rare, particularly in Investment Grade Securities, and it is very likely that you will receive a predictable, constant, and gradually increasing flow of Income. You need to act on these things with each cyclical change. Never lose sight of that fact and you will be able to go fishing more frequently in retirement. If the world expects interest rates to rise, or even to stop going down, "up" arrows are added to "i" and the Market Value side moves lower… the current scenario. As unlikely as this sounds, experience proves it, irrefutably.
These securities include Corporate, Government, and Municipal Bonds, Preferred Stocks, many Closed End Funds, Unit Trusts, REITs, Royalty Trusts, Treasury Securities, etc. On the other side, we have a small "i" for interest rates, and "up" or "down" arrows that represent interest rate directional expectations." It's OK, it's natural, it just doesn't matter, I say to disbelieving audiences everywhere. The longer the duration of the obligation, the more price fluctuation cycles will occur during the holding period. Comparing your portfolio Market Value with some external and unrelated number accomplishes nothing. You have no increased risk from a reduction in security prices, while you gain the ability to add to holdings at higher yields. I like to add some seasoning to this bland diet, through profit taking whenever possible, but losses are almost never an acceptable, or necessary, menu item.So, from a "let's try to be happy with our investment portfolio because it's financially healthier" standpoint, it is critical that you understand changes in Market Value, anticipate them, and appreciate the opportunities that they provide.) So, if everything is going according to plan, all that you ever need to look at is the amount of income that your Fixed Income portfolio is generating… period
It has no impact at all on the contracts you hold or the interest that you will receive; neither the maturity value nor the cash flow is affected… but your broker just called with an idea. Two things are accomplished by buying shorter duration securities: you earn less interest and you pay your broker a commission more frequently. On one side we have a number that represents the Current Market Value of your Fixed Income portfolio. Bonds are more like the classics and old time rock-and-roll…much more predictable. Just visualize the Scales of Justice, with or without the blindfold. (3) They have trouble distinguishing between the income generating purpose of Fixed Income Securities and the fact that they are negotiable instruments with a Market Value that is a function of current, as opposed to contractual, interest rates. Buyers are entitled to current rates, and the only way to provide them on an existing security is to sell it at a discount.e. Absolutely nothing can (or should) be done about it.Here's a simple way to deal with Fixed Income Market Values to avoid shocks and surprises. For example, if your July 2005 Market Value fell, it was because of higher interest rates not lower stock prices. Typically, longer obligations also have higher interest rates. More recently, the combination of higher rates and a weaker Stock Market has been a Double Whammy for portfolio Market Values, and a double bonanza for investment opportunities.
They are negotiable, meaning that they can be bought and sold, at a price that varies with current interest rates. Think about it. (The income will increase gradually only if you manage your asset allocation properly by adding proportionately to your Fixed Income holdings. This is the first of three successive articles I'll be writing about Fixed Income Investing. Still, Wall Street pumps out products and Investment Experts rationalize strategies that cloud the simple rules governing the behavior of what should be an investor's retirement blankie.The critical relationship between the two classes of securities in your portfolio, is this: The Market Value of your Equity Investments and that of your Fixed Income investments are totally, and completely unrelated.There are several reasons why investors have invalid expectations about their Fixed Income investments: (1) They don't experience this type of investing until retirement planning time and they view all securities with an eye on Market Value, as they have been programmed to do by Wall Street. It's like magic, or is it justice. Each Market dances to it's own beat. Stocks are like heavy metal or Rap…impossible to predict. Most won't consider taking profits when prices increase, but will rush in to accept losses when prices fall. . [Really, Alice, if you held these securities in a safe deposit box instead of a brokerage account, and just received the income, the perception of loss, the fear, and the rush to make a change would simply disappear. Most are legally binding contracts between the owner of the securities (you, or an Investment Company that you own a piece of) and an entity that promises to pay a Fixed Rate of Interest for the use of the money. These are negotiable securities that carry a fixed interest rate.I've come to the conclusion that the Stock Market is an easier medium for investors to understand (i. Defaults in interest payments are extremely rare, particularly in Investment Grade Securities, and it is very likely that you will receive a predictable, constant, and gradually increasing flow of Income. You need to act on these things with each cyclical change. Never lose sight of that fact and you will be able to go fishing more frequently in retirement. If the world expects interest rates to rise, or even to stop going down, "up" arrows are added to "i" and the Market Value side moves lower… the current scenario. As unlikely as this sounds, experience proves it, irrefutably.
These securities include Corporate, Government, and Municipal Bonds, Preferred Stocks, many Closed End Funds, Unit Trusts, REITs, Royalty Trusts, Treasury Securities, etc. On the other side, we have a small "i" for interest rates, and "up" or "down" arrows that represent interest rate directional expectations." It's OK, it's natural, it just doesn't matter, I say to disbelieving audiences everywhere. The longer the duration of the obligation, the more price fluctuation cycles will occur during the holding period. Comparing your portfolio Market Value with some external and unrelated number accomplishes nothing. You have no increased risk from a reduction in security prices, while you gain the ability to add to holdings at higher yields. I like to add some seasoning to this bland diet, through profit taking whenever possible, but losses are almost never an acceptable, or necessary, menu item.So, from a "let's try to be happy with our investment portfolio because it's financially healthier" standpoint, it is critical that you understand changes in Market Value, anticipate them, and appreciate the opportunities that they provide.) So, if everything is going according to plan, all that you ever need to look at is the amount of income that your Fixed Income portfolio is generating… period
0 commentaire : Ajouter
Again continue to flare out the seam by extending the mudded area such that about 6 inches resides on each side of the now invisible tape.Measuring and Ordering DrywallPrior to actually hanging the drywall, the material first needs to be ordered and delivered.After the seams have all been completed, apply a final coat of mud over the screw/nail dimples. You can rent Drywall Lifts at hardware or home improvement stores. Repeat the same process, however with the outside corners just apply a liberal coat of joint compound to the valley that is formed by the corner bead. It is best to fasten the screws/nails to the edges of the drywall first and then fill in the field afterwards. Continue this for all of the seams. Using the wider taping knife apply a generous amount of joint compound over the taped seams as you want to build up the area over the tape.g.For the outside corners, using the broad taping knife apply a generous amount of joint compound and flare out the material such that it extends out 6 inches or so from the corner. This will create stronger/cleaner looking walls and save significant time. Patience is the best advice and note that additional coats will be applied later to smooth out any imperfections.
Lightly sand all of the taped areas, however concentrate sanding on the outer edges of the mudded areas such that all seams and ridges are eliminated and blend into the main surface areas. 12 inches. Taking large strokes smooth the joint compound over the tape applying more pressure to the side of the taping knife further away from the tape.Prior to applying the skim coat it is best to take your wide taping blade and lightly pass over the mudded surfaces. Apply a generous amount of joint compound and then run the Corner knife down the corner starting from the top. Again the rows should be staggered. Again, apply more pressure to the blade side that is further away from the corner so that you leave more mud nearer the outside corner. Also, make sure metal protection plates have been installed to studding where sheetrock screws or nails could inadvertently penetrate plumbing pipes or electrical wire. This will help to leave more mud over the tape. Gloves are also recommended to protect against sharp blades. Use the Drywall lift or Jacks to hold the sheets in place while screwing or nailing them to the ceiling. Note: the tape will still be visible. Make sure to completely clean off the taping knife, the mud easel and any other containers or instruments that have mud on them prior to finishing up for the day. It is this coat that should hide the tape. This valley typically represents the first 3 or 4 inches from the edge of the corner. Take long, even strokes. The Jacks (or Ts) should be of a length such that they are just an inch or two taller than the height of the ceiling and have a cross beam that is approximately 3' in width. Ensure that nailers (e. Usually there are a couple of 45o angle braces connecting the crossbar to the main stem of the Jack.Once the second coat has been applied let it sit overnight or until it is dry, prior to starting the final application of Joint compound.g. If your budget does not allow for this cost, Jacks (or Ts) can be made out of 2"x 4"s. I would suggest 1-2 containers per 500 square feet of drywall. Remember this is a skim coat so little mud is required. However, it is usually best done with two or more people as it requires significant lifting of heavy material. Fiberglass tape is quite inexpensive so I would suggest picking up 2 to 3 roles for most Do-it-Yourself drywall projects. The Gypsum in drywall can be irritating to the eyes, lungs and sinuses so wear safety goggles and masks to avoid breathing in the material. The purpose of this coat is to effectively fill in any lines or recessed areas. Apply a skim coat of joint compound over the surface of a seam using a 6" wide taping knife. Calculate the total square feet and divide by 32. Additional coats will eventually hide it.For the corners use the broad taping knife and add just enough mud such that you can flare out the mudded surface area to about 8-12 inches, taking care to filling in any lines or dimples.Drywall screws or ringed nails will also be required.For purposes of efficiency and strength it is best to apply the large sheets of drywall over the doors and window openings and cut out the excess later. To determine how much material to order, measure all of the surface area, starting with the ceilings and then the walls.
Taping and MuddingAgain start with the ceiling. Drywall does come in larger sheets, such as 4'x12', however for a Do-it-Yourself homeowner these larger sheets can become unwieldy and maybe even impossible to bring into the existing home. Drywall should be applied from the top down, with the sheets hung perpendicular to the floor joists or studs. This will reduce sanding later.The inside corners are usually the most tricky and require practice. Also, strips of corner bead will be required. Here you are simply applying a final skim coat to the already mudded areas.Corner bead should be nailed every 6-8 inches and penetrate the framing. Screws or nails should be applied every 8 to 12 inches on each stud. Frequently sheets of plastic are used for creating the vapor barrier.Once the seams are done, using the 6" wide taping knife, apply mud to all of the screw/nail dimples. The plastic is simply stapled to the framing, covering the insulation.Drywall ToolsPrior to starting drywall installation, you need to obtain the proper tools. If the seam is wide, apply a liberal amount of joint compound to fill it.Note: When applying the mud over the tape and screw/nail dimples, make sure all excess material and uneven patches are smoothed down with the blade. Shower/Bathtub areas, Concrete board should be used. Joint Compound typically comes ready-mixed in 5 gallon containers.If mudding and taping are to be performed then Taping knifes, a Corner knife, sand paper, a pole sander and a Mud easel or pan will be necessary.Installing DrywallStart with the ceiling as this will allow the sheets on the walls to help hold the sheets on the ceiling. When complete, the mud should cover an area that extends beyond the width of the tape by 2 to 3 inches. Corners involve a little artistry so again take your time.Applying the Final Coat of MudAfter the first coat has thoroughly dried, it is now time to apply the final coat of mud. Make sure the seam is centered under the tape. Make sure to completely clean off the taping knife, the mud easel and any other containers or instruments that have mud on them prior to finishing up for the day.Rows of drywall should be applied in a staggered pattern. I find it best to use a pole sander with an open screened sand paper material specifically designed for sanding sheetrock/drywall mud. The screws or nails should be installed such that they are slightly recessed and create a small dimple without breaking the paper. The concrete board is also referred to as Wonderboard or Durock. For the taping knifes you will need a 6" wide blade and a 12" wide blade. I would also recommend adding another 5-10% to this figure to account for inefficiencies. Typically I use 1.For bathroom areas where ceramic tile is to be applied, e.For the inside corners a Corner knife may come in handy.
It is this coat that requires the most artistry and the least amount of joint compound. Secondly, a vapor barrier should be applied over the insulation on the outside walls if un-faced insulation was installed.Applying the Second Coat of MudAfter the first coat has thoroughly dried, it is now time to apply the second coat of mud.After the ceiling has been completed it its time to move on to the walls. Screws are typically stronger and can be placed further apart, e.Again start with the ceiling seams and apply a small amount of joint compound using the broad taping knife.Once sanding is complete, vacuum up the dust and you are ready for priming and painting the walls and texturing the ceilings.Once the first coat has been applied let it sit overnight or until it is dry, prior to starting the second application of Joint compound. A skim coat is all that is initially required.Installing Corner beadOnce the drywall has been installed, corner bead should be applied to all outside edges.For bathrooms or other moist areas Greenboard should probably be used as this material is moisture resistance.SafetyDrywall installation is dirty, heavy work.g.Joint Compound and Fiberglass tape will also be required for Taping and Mudding. With this second coat, flare out the mud over the dimples such that the diameter of the mudded area is about 6-8 inches in diameter.Once the final coat has been applied let it rest overnight or until it is dry,SandingSanding is a very dusty and dirty mess so please uses goggles and a mask. The result should give you the number of 4'x 8' sheets of drywall required for the job. A Drywall Lift really comes in handy when hanging sheetrock/drywall on the ceilings. While the Joint compound is still wet, apply the fiberglass tape over the skim coat of Joint Compound. Once the tape has been installed, apply additional Joint Compound over the tape, again using the 6" wide taping knife. Mudding and Taping can also be performed by the homeowner, however these tasks require some practice and artistry.After the seams have all been completed, apply a second coat of mud over the screw/nail dimples. With this second coat, flare out the mud over the dimples such that the diameter of the mudded area is about 3-4 inches in diameter.Again, start with the ceiling.25" length screws or nails. This will remove any bumps or ridges.In addition to the Lift or Jacks, a drywall screw gun, hammer, T-square, carpenters knife, drywall saw and a keyhole saw are required. 2" x 4"s) are existent at each corner and header, that the framing is straight, and that the framed walls create smooth planes. This will create an interlocked pattern that creates a tighter and stronger ceiling/wall. The bottom piece China Customized Sintered Powder Metal Pulleys Company should sit about ½ inches from the sub-floor. The keyhole saw is used for cutting around electrical boxes.
Lightly sand all of the taped areas, however concentrate sanding on the outer edges of the mudded areas such that all seams and ridges are eliminated and blend into the main surface areas. 12 inches. Taking large strokes smooth the joint compound over the tape applying more pressure to the side of the taping knife further away from the tape.Prior to applying the skim coat it is best to take your wide taping blade and lightly pass over the mudded surfaces. Apply a generous amount of joint compound and then run the Corner knife down the corner starting from the top. Again the rows should be staggered. Again, apply more pressure to the blade side that is further away from the corner so that you leave more mud nearer the outside corner. Also, make sure metal protection plates have been installed to studding where sheetrock screws or nails could inadvertently penetrate plumbing pipes or electrical wire. This will help to leave more mud over the tape. Gloves are also recommended to protect against sharp blades. Use the Drywall lift or Jacks to hold the sheets in place while screwing or nailing them to the ceiling. Note: the tape will still be visible. Make sure to completely clean off the taping knife, the mud easel and any other containers or instruments that have mud on them prior to finishing up for the day. It is this coat that should hide the tape. This valley typically represents the first 3 or 4 inches from the edge of the corner. Take long, even strokes. The Jacks (or Ts) should be of a length such that they are just an inch or two taller than the height of the ceiling and have a cross beam that is approximately 3' in width. Ensure that nailers (e. Usually there are a couple of 45o angle braces connecting the crossbar to the main stem of the Jack.Once the second coat has been applied let it sit overnight or until it is dry, prior to starting the final application of Joint compound.g. If your budget does not allow for this cost, Jacks (or Ts) can be made out of 2"x 4"s. I would suggest 1-2 containers per 500 square feet of drywall. Remember this is a skim coat so little mud is required. However, it is usually best done with two or more people as it requires significant lifting of heavy material. Fiberglass tape is quite inexpensive so I would suggest picking up 2 to 3 roles for most Do-it-Yourself drywall projects. The Gypsum in drywall can be irritating to the eyes, lungs and sinuses so wear safety goggles and masks to avoid breathing in the material. The purpose of this coat is to effectively fill in any lines or recessed areas. Apply a skim coat of joint compound over the surface of a seam using a 6" wide taping knife. Calculate the total square feet and divide by 32. Additional coats will eventually hide it.For the corners use the broad taping knife and add just enough mud such that you can flare out the mudded surface area to about 8-12 inches, taking care to filling in any lines or dimples.Drywall screws or ringed nails will also be required.For purposes of efficiency and strength it is best to apply the large sheets of drywall over the doors and window openings and cut out the excess later. To determine how much material to order, measure all of the surface area, starting with the ceilings and then the walls.
Taping and MuddingAgain start with the ceiling. Drywall does come in larger sheets, such as 4'x12', however for a Do-it-Yourself homeowner these larger sheets can become unwieldy and maybe even impossible to bring into the existing home. Drywall should be applied from the top down, with the sheets hung perpendicular to the floor joists or studs. This will reduce sanding later.The inside corners are usually the most tricky and require practice. Also, strips of corner bead will be required. Here you are simply applying a final skim coat to the already mudded areas.Corner bead should be nailed every 6-8 inches and penetrate the framing. Screws or nails should be applied every 8 to 12 inches on each stud. Frequently sheets of plastic are used for creating the vapor barrier.Once the seams are done, using the 6" wide taping knife, apply mud to all of the screw/nail dimples. The plastic is simply stapled to the framing, covering the insulation.Drywall ToolsPrior to starting drywall installation, you need to obtain the proper tools. If the seam is wide, apply a liberal amount of joint compound to fill it.Note: When applying the mud over the tape and screw/nail dimples, make sure all excess material and uneven patches are smoothed down with the blade. Shower/Bathtub areas, Concrete board should be used. Joint Compound typically comes ready-mixed in 5 gallon containers.If mudding and taping are to be performed then Taping knifes, a Corner knife, sand paper, a pole sander and a Mud easel or pan will be necessary.Installing DrywallStart with the ceiling as this will allow the sheets on the walls to help hold the sheets on the ceiling. When complete, the mud should cover an area that extends beyond the width of the tape by 2 to 3 inches. Corners involve a little artistry so again take your time.Applying the Final Coat of MudAfter the first coat has thoroughly dried, it is now time to apply the final coat of mud. Make sure the seam is centered under the tape. Make sure to completely clean off the taping knife, the mud easel and any other containers or instruments that have mud on them prior to finishing up for the day.Rows of drywall should be applied in a staggered pattern. I find it best to use a pole sander with an open screened sand paper material specifically designed for sanding sheetrock/drywall mud. The screws or nails should be installed such that they are slightly recessed and create a small dimple without breaking the paper. The concrete board is also referred to as Wonderboard or Durock. For the taping knifes you will need a 6" wide blade and a 12" wide blade. I would also recommend adding another 5-10% to this figure to account for inefficiencies. Typically I use 1.For bathroom areas where ceramic tile is to be applied, e.For the inside corners a Corner knife may come in handy.
It is this coat that requires the most artistry and the least amount of joint compound. Secondly, a vapor barrier should be applied over the insulation on the outside walls if un-faced insulation was installed.Applying the Second Coat of MudAfter the first coat has thoroughly dried, it is now time to apply the second coat of mud.After the ceiling has been completed it its time to move on to the walls. Screws are typically stronger and can be placed further apart, e.Again start with the ceiling seams and apply a small amount of joint compound using the broad taping knife.Once sanding is complete, vacuum up the dust and you are ready for priming and painting the walls and texturing the ceilings.Once the first coat has been applied let it sit overnight or until it is dry, prior to starting the second application of Joint compound. A skim coat is all that is initially required.Installing Corner beadOnce the drywall has been installed, corner bead should be applied to all outside edges.For bathrooms or other moist areas Greenboard should probably be used as this material is moisture resistance.SafetyDrywall installation is dirty, heavy work.g.Joint Compound and Fiberglass tape will also be required for Taping and Mudding. With this second coat, flare out the mud over the dimples such that the diameter of the mudded area is about 6-8 inches in diameter.Once the final coat has been applied let it rest overnight or until it is dry,SandingSanding is a very dusty and dirty mess so please uses goggles and a mask. The result should give you the number of 4'x 8' sheets of drywall required for the job. A Drywall Lift really comes in handy when hanging sheetrock/drywall on the ceilings. While the Joint compound is still wet, apply the fiberglass tape over the skim coat of Joint Compound. Once the tape has been installed, apply additional Joint Compound over the tape, again using the 6" wide taping knife. Mudding and Taping can also be performed by the homeowner, however these tasks require some practice and artistry.After the seams have all been completed, apply a second coat of mud over the screw/nail dimples. With this second coat, flare out the mud over the dimples such that the diameter of the mudded area is about 3-4 inches in diameter.Again, start with the ceiling.25" length screws or nails. This will remove any bumps or ridges.In addition to the Lift or Jacks, a drywall screw gun, hammer, T-square, carpenters knife, drywall saw and a keyhole saw are required. 2" x 4"s) are existent at each corner and header, that the framing is straight, and that the framed walls create smooth planes. This will create an interlocked pattern that creates a tighter and stronger ceiling/wall. The bottom piece China Customized Sintered Powder Metal Pulleys Company should sit about ½ inches from the sub-floor. The keyhole saw is used for cutting around electrical boxes.
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Many of the local churches provide shelter and other services to this community in need. On Pender Street we passed by an astounding building, the Sun Tower, built in 1912, that housed the offices of The Vancouver Sun China Customized Sintered Powder Metal Pulleys FactoryChina Customized Sintered Powder Metal Pulleys Factory newspaper from 1924 to1964 and is crowned by a by a three-story beaux arts copper roof. The Carnegie Centre provides a range of social, recreational and educational programs for the residents of Vancouver's Downtown Eastside. Even seniors and families live here and in one coop housing project, built around a central courtyard, the single and older people live on the outside of the complex to provide protection, while the families with young children live on the inside so the young ones can play safely in the courtyard . Pender Street took us further east towards Vancouver's Chinatown, which compared to the chaotic hustle and bustle of Toronto's Chinatown, seemed very orderly and organized. Sun Yat-Sen Classical Chinese Garden, opened in 1986, the first full-size authentic Chinese garden built outside of China. Ironically enough, as we were looking at our map, we were asked twice by different people if we were lost and if they could help redirect us. Occasionally you see local homeless people and at one building we saw two young people on a couch in front of a building, and beside them a young woman who was stretching and contorting her body in strange ways. From there we headed south along streets like Pender and Carrall, many of which have boarded up main floors, and former retail areas that were closed a long time ago. We noted that the neighbourhood was much more mixed and less consistently run down than we had expected. I decided to leave my entire purse and camera at the drop-in centre as did several other members of our group. We had been prepared for being accosted and asked for money, and instead we were offered some help by the locals - ironic indeed. I thought how powerfully addictions affect people and how difficult it must be to extricate oneself from this way of life. Most of these areas were fairly empty, but we did pass a number of people whose appearances had been ravaged by years of drug use. The Downtown East Side is one of the few areas in Vancouver that still has affordable housing prices. She was leaning into the recesses of a building and had obviously been crying.
A comment was also made that relatively few people were on the streets and that we didn't witness any drug-related or sex-trade transactions at this time of day. Francy indeed summarized it succinctly: the best way to make a difference is through individual engagement, and the small efforts of many can bring about huge change to the community as a whole. Since I was in charge of figuring out the map I did not see this individual, but the ravages of drug use were plainly obvious in so many of the residents' faces. Something was in her hand, but I was unable to see what it was. We learned that the community is actually quite diverse, not only does it include people dealing and using drugs as well as sex trade workers, the area also houses new immigrants, social service personnel, artists and students. We then headed off in small, inconspicuous groups of 3 or 4 people, with a small unobtrusive map. The program started very small and still has a very tight budget, but today more than 800 UBC students volunteer here in a variety of community assistance groups. Our map told us to make a brief detour into the Dr.The University of British Columbia has a drop-in centre downtown in Vancouver's East side called the Learning Exchange where it provides educational opportunities to people who live and work in Vancouver's Downtown Eastside and other inner-city communities. The map pointed out local sights such as buildings, housing coops, community centres, churches and parks. We found out that many of the people in the area take on short-term or transient type of work assignments in labour pools, and many of them work as "binners", collecting metal cans and glass bottles from garbage containers which then get reclaimed in local recycling facilities. Overall it had felt quite safe for us 3 women to walk through this neighbourhood, and during morning hours this area didn't look all that different from other urban neighbourhoods. We snaked our way through the neighbourhood past various parks that according to our guide book were described as gathering spots for drug activity during the night. It strikes you as ironic, how so much beauty and opulence can be located right next to an area with immense economic and social problems.Our learning experience was capped off by a visit at the Carnegie Community Centre, built in 1908 as a Public Library. It is often described as the community's living room—a place where people can come to participate in programs or to simply relax and socialize with others, particularly important since many of them live in one-room dwellings where they don't have the luxury of a living room to relax in. While there are undeniable problems, the community also has significant strengths.
The Downtown Eastside is currently facing significant social, economic and health-related issues. Vancouver's Downtown East Side is an inner city neighbourhood that has been experiencing problems with drug addiction and prostitution for many years. 10 people from the Servas conference went downtown to participate in a learning experience involving a self-guided tour, and our young local expert Francy spent about 90 minutes with us, exploring what we knew or had heard about the neighbourhood, the various media stereotypes, what type of people lived there and why and what was being done to help this community. After exploring the socio-economic background of this neighbourhood we were given a safety briefing which included practical advice such as treating people respectfully and looking them in the eye, even if they are requesting money from you, politely declining if someone mistakes you for a sex-trade worker, keeping valuables out of sight and similar issues. The meal was delicious and completing this learning experience in Vancouver's Downtown East Side truly enriched my understanding of the city and this neighbourhood, and I gained a real appreciation for the efforts of the many hundreds of people who try to bring about positive change in this area. The Learning Exchange provides opportunities for UBC students to develop an understanding of society through first-hand volunteer work and promotes the formation of partnerships between people at UBC and people in the Downtown East Side and other inner-city communities that make the sharing of expertise and resources possible. The first thing we did was we headed north out to the bridge at the top of Main Street from where you have a gorgeous view of downtown Vancouver, including Canada Place. We were later explained that this woman was probably coming down from taking drugs the night before and was experiencing excruciating pain in the process. The area consists of several diverse neighbourhoods, including Strathcona, Chinatown, and Gastown, as well as the central area around Main and Hastings. And, important community-building work is being undertaken and some of this important work is done by the UBC Learning Exchange. Together with a lemon pop this lunch came to $3. The Carnegie Centre offers a variety of facilities: a Public Library reading room, a seniors centre, weight room, a learning/literacy centre, a kitchen that offers 3 nutritional meals a day, an art gallery, an auditorium and gym as well as a dark room and pottery room.
In Vancouver the sight of people going through garbage bins is very common, even in the pristine suburban campus of UBC, and this activity is also referred to as "dumpster-diving". We realized that these people perform an important societal service by diverting recyclable materials away from the landfills back into reprocessing facilities. The main drugs represented in this area are heroine, crack and crystal meth, and Francy explained that many of the area's inhabitants live very nocturnal lives and that the mornings can be fairly quiet. One particularly haunting image for me was a very young woman, maybe in her late teens, early twenties.40. We headed west on Alexander Street and promptly arrived on a beautiful little square that is part of Vancouver's historic restored Gastown area. Our group did indeed sample the Carnegie's cuisine, and I had a vegetarian lunch with veggie spring rolls, salad and rice, as well as one of the most delicious mushroom soups I have ever eaten. My two walking partners commented on another older woman, whose face had been scarred and they commented that the blank look in her eyes was a very haunting experience. We also passed by a community centre that offered free showers, Internet access, mailbox and various other services to many of the homeless people in this area. From there we went through a mixed neighbourhood with a variety of Chinese or Korean community centres and seniors residences
A comment was also made that relatively few people were on the streets and that we didn't witness any drug-related or sex-trade transactions at this time of day. Francy indeed summarized it succinctly: the best way to make a difference is through individual engagement, and the small efforts of many can bring about huge change to the community as a whole. Since I was in charge of figuring out the map I did not see this individual, but the ravages of drug use were plainly obvious in so many of the residents' faces. Something was in her hand, but I was unable to see what it was. We learned that the community is actually quite diverse, not only does it include people dealing and using drugs as well as sex trade workers, the area also houses new immigrants, social service personnel, artists and students. We then headed off in small, inconspicuous groups of 3 or 4 people, with a small unobtrusive map. The program started very small and still has a very tight budget, but today more than 800 UBC students volunteer here in a variety of community assistance groups. Our map told us to make a brief detour into the Dr.The University of British Columbia has a drop-in centre downtown in Vancouver's East side called the Learning Exchange where it provides educational opportunities to people who live and work in Vancouver's Downtown Eastside and other inner-city communities. The map pointed out local sights such as buildings, housing coops, community centres, churches and parks. We found out that many of the people in the area take on short-term or transient type of work assignments in labour pools, and many of them work as "binners", collecting metal cans and glass bottles from garbage containers which then get reclaimed in local recycling facilities. Overall it had felt quite safe for us 3 women to walk through this neighbourhood, and during morning hours this area didn't look all that different from other urban neighbourhoods. We snaked our way through the neighbourhood past various parks that according to our guide book were described as gathering spots for drug activity during the night. It strikes you as ironic, how so much beauty and opulence can be located right next to an area with immense economic and social problems.Our learning experience was capped off by a visit at the Carnegie Community Centre, built in 1908 as a Public Library. It is often described as the community's living room—a place where people can come to participate in programs or to simply relax and socialize with others, particularly important since many of them live in one-room dwellings where they don't have the luxury of a living room to relax in. While there are undeniable problems, the community also has significant strengths.
The Downtown Eastside is currently facing significant social, economic and health-related issues. Vancouver's Downtown East Side is an inner city neighbourhood that has been experiencing problems with drug addiction and prostitution for many years. 10 people from the Servas conference went downtown to participate in a learning experience involving a self-guided tour, and our young local expert Francy spent about 90 minutes with us, exploring what we knew or had heard about the neighbourhood, the various media stereotypes, what type of people lived there and why and what was being done to help this community. After exploring the socio-economic background of this neighbourhood we were given a safety briefing which included practical advice such as treating people respectfully and looking them in the eye, even if they are requesting money from you, politely declining if someone mistakes you for a sex-trade worker, keeping valuables out of sight and similar issues. The meal was delicious and completing this learning experience in Vancouver's Downtown East Side truly enriched my understanding of the city and this neighbourhood, and I gained a real appreciation for the efforts of the many hundreds of people who try to bring about positive change in this area. The Learning Exchange provides opportunities for UBC students to develop an understanding of society through first-hand volunteer work and promotes the formation of partnerships between people at UBC and people in the Downtown East Side and other inner-city communities that make the sharing of expertise and resources possible. The first thing we did was we headed north out to the bridge at the top of Main Street from where you have a gorgeous view of downtown Vancouver, including Canada Place. We were later explained that this woman was probably coming down from taking drugs the night before and was experiencing excruciating pain in the process. The area consists of several diverse neighbourhoods, including Strathcona, Chinatown, and Gastown, as well as the central area around Main and Hastings. And, important community-building work is being undertaken and some of this important work is done by the UBC Learning Exchange. Together with a lemon pop this lunch came to $3. The Carnegie Centre offers a variety of facilities: a Public Library reading room, a seniors centre, weight room, a learning/literacy centre, a kitchen that offers 3 nutritional meals a day, an art gallery, an auditorium and gym as well as a dark room and pottery room.
In Vancouver the sight of people going through garbage bins is very common, even in the pristine suburban campus of UBC, and this activity is also referred to as "dumpster-diving". We realized that these people perform an important societal service by diverting recyclable materials away from the landfills back into reprocessing facilities. The main drugs represented in this area are heroine, crack and crystal meth, and Francy explained that many of the area's inhabitants live very nocturnal lives and that the mornings can be fairly quiet. One particularly haunting image for me was a very young woman, maybe in her late teens, early twenties.40. We headed west on Alexander Street and promptly arrived on a beautiful little square that is part of Vancouver's historic restored Gastown area. Our group did indeed sample the Carnegie's cuisine, and I had a vegetarian lunch with veggie spring rolls, salad and rice, as well as one of the most delicious mushroom soups I have ever eaten. My two walking partners commented on another older woman, whose face had been scarred and they commented that the blank look in her eyes was a very haunting experience. We also passed by a community centre that offered free showers, Internet access, mailbox and various other services to many of the homeless people in this area. From there we went through a mixed neighbourhood with a variety of Chinese or Korean community centres and seniors residences
0 commentaire : Ajouter